How to Compression test

79Rude115

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I need opinions on the purchase of a 1990 Johnson 150

I also need to know how to do a compression test on it and where to find the tools needed. what would be considered good or bad as far as the compression numbers are concerned?
 

jimmbo

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Re: How to Compression test

A compression gauge with the proper thread fitting, a helper to turn the key or a remote starter switch and a good fully charged battery.
With the engine warm, remove all spark plugs, ground the ignition wires, open the carbs. install comprssion gauge in a plug hole. Crank engine until gauge doesn't read higher, usually five or six spins, record results. Move to next hole. Absolute numbers aren't as important as uniformity, highest reading shouldn't more than 10 - 15 % greater than lowest reading.
 

79Rude115

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Re: How to Compression test

Thanks -

A couple of follow up questions

1) I am driving quite a distance to a remote area to view the motor - where can I get the compression tool needed prior to seeing the motor?

2) when you say ground the ignition wires what exactly do you mean and how exactly should this be done to avoid electric shock when cranking the motor?
 

jimmbo

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Re: How to Compression test

1) A good auto store or a place that sell tools to mechanics


2) well a lot of people, including mechanics skip it. A small bolt that fits snug in the boot and grounded to the block by wire and clips
Another way to disable the ignition is utilize the man overboard lanyard on your remote control.
 

F_R

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Re: How to Compression test

Yeah, a lot of people including mechanics skip grounding them. Until you set a motor afire that is, like I did. Gas blows out those open plug holes and any sparking around there and whoom! It would have set me afire too, if I had been standing one foot to the left.

Besides, cranking with nowhere for the spark to go causes extremely high voltage buildup within the coils and if they have questionable insulation, it's goodby coil. Ground them!

Contrary to popular belief, it is not necessary to open the throttle on a two-stroke engine. But, yes it is on a 4-stroke.
 

Windykid

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Re: How to Compression test

In Texas you can pick one up at Sears, autozone, carquest, tool truck, or Harbor freight.:)
 

79Rude115

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Re: How to Compression test

Guys thanks a bunch - I think I got it now!

One final question - what size am I looking for on the compression tester? I have not seen the motor so I have no idea what to expect as far as the spark plug openings go.
 

BoatBuoy

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Re: How to Compression test

You need a tester that will fit a 14mm spark plug hole - fairly standard.
 

jimmbo

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Re: How to Compression test

Contrary to popular belief, it is not necessary to open the throttle on a two-stroke engine. But, yes it is on a 4-stroke.

Both need air to get to the combustion chamber, so why would it not apply to a 2 stroke?
 

iwombat

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Re: How to Compression test

2-stroke will breathe through the exhaust ports.
 

jimmbo

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Re: How to Compression test

I figured that would be your answer. So if there isn't air passing thru the carb to the crankcase, theoreticly low pressure in the crankcase could pull air out of the cylinder thus lowering the compression reading
 

Fl_Richard

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Re: How to Compression test

My Johnson manual states to run the motor until normal operating temp. Pull and inspect all plugs. Set WOT and crank.

Why do you say WOT is not required with 2 strokes?
 

iwombat

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Re: How to Compression test

Where are the exhaust ports in relation to the intake ports?
 

F_R

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Re: How to Compression test

OK, you guys, when the piston is on the downstroke air is being compressed in the crankcase so that blows the theory of air being pulled out of the cylinder. So much for that one.

Now, consider this: When the piston is at the bottom of the stroke, both the exhaust ports and intake ports are wide open enough you could throw a cat through there. Likewise, air pressure in the cylinder will be at prevailing atmospheric because of all those open ports. Open throttle hasn't got a darn thing to do with it. It isn't till the piston is on the upstroke and the last ports (exhaust) are closed that compression starts.
 

Fl_Richard

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Re: How to Compression test

Opposite on the bottom of the down stroke... Brilliant!
 

iwombat

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Re: How to Compression test

Where do I get one of those cats? Sounds like a good way to clean carbon out of the ports.

Guess I'll wave down Schroedinger and ask.
 

jimmbo

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Re: How to Compression test

Airflow thru a 2 stroke is, carb/throttle body thru induction system into crankcase. From crankcase to cylinder via transfer ports. Exhausts via exhaust ports leading to exhaust outlet. Pressure differences ensure this path is followed. Restriction of airflow at the carb reduces the density of the air passing thru and can reduce final comprssion readings. Any air in the cylinder when the exhaust ports open is pushed out by air entering cylinder via the intalke ports. Because the exhaust ports close after the intake ports, to complete scavaging, rising pressures due to piston heading to TDC push more air out. Simply put, engines don't inhale well thru their exhaust systems.
 

F_R

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Re: How to Compression test

Huh? Guess we'll never solve this arguement. That is how a two-stroke works, no arguement about that. But the fact is that even at cranking speeds and with throttle closed, there is air pressure in the crankcase on the downstroke, (increased density, not reduced density) That air pressure, being greater than atmospheric, is what causes the air/fuel charge to blow into the cylinder through the intake ports when they open. The motor would not start or run if it were not for that positive pressure in the crankcase. At cranking speeds both intake and exhaust ports are open for so long that that pressure is equalized long before the ports close on the upstroke. That puff of fuel/air is still in there though, and gets compressed, beginning at atmospheric at the time of ports closure and gets compressed trom there. I rest my case and will shut up now.
 

iwombat

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Re: How to Compression test

You can always go to the lab (outboard) and test it for yourself.
 
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