Educate me--Piston issues

backwater dawg

Petty Officer 2nd Class
Joined
Apr 12, 2007
Messages
183
I have a 1994 Merc Sport jet 90---I know its a Force powerhead and I have had trouble with it--lack of power--took it to my trusted marine mech--did a comp test--#1 and #3 had 130#--middle one had 75 lbs---took the head off and the piston had a spot about 1" that looks like the first layer of the piston flaked off?? my question is ---is that enough to lower comp that much??? the boat starts great and runs smooth until you try to go up on plane--then it bogs down--I thought it was carbs--but prob not--thanks
 

baxtr

Petty Officer 1st Class
Joined
Jul 16, 2006
Messages
387
Re: Educate me--Piston issues

you may also be missing rings, or pieces of rings, I had low comp on one cyl and looked in and it looked as if someone took a screwdriver blade and pryed up on one edge of the piston, didn't look menacing at all, but when I removed the piston, one ring was only half there, and the other was 3/4 there but broken into 3 pieces. Mine didn't have a top end issue though, didn't notice that the 4th piston was just along for the ride, but mine was a 125 not a 90. I did notice it at hole shot, it would shake and bog a bit before picking up speed then smooth out, also idle shook the whole boat.

Head gasket ok? got pics of the piston damage?
 

Frank Acampora

Supreme Mariner
Joined
Jan 19, 2007
Messages
12,004
Re: Educate me--Piston issues

What you are describing is the first stage of pre-ignition/detonation damage. Now, nothing is guaranteed with these engines, but I think if you remove the piston you will find that it is scored on at least one side and the rings may have some of the aluminum holding them tight in the grooves away from the wall leading to low compression. The next stage which usually happens with only seconds more of running at full throttle is that the piston will melt on the exhaust port side, and the rings will shatter and pass through the engine, scoring the cylinder and denting the head quite nicely, leaving you with 0 compression. You were lucky--The pre-ignition was not too bad and not too much damage was done.

When you repair the engine, Be absolutely certain that all three carbs are at the same setting and no leaner than 3/4 turn out. The primary cause of this type of damage is a lean run on one cylinder. Typically, one carb is set too lean, OR, a piece of crud gets into the needle seat of one carb. That carb and cylinder runs lean, loses power, and pre-ignites, while the other two pistons carry it over and it detonates and melts.

One of the best preventions is to put a disposable fuel filter after the fuel pump and before the carbs. This prevents a piece of junk from clogging the needle of one carb allowing it to go lean.
 

hckrphil

Petty Officer 2nd Class
Joined
Aug 8, 2004
Messages
162
Re: Educate me--Piston issues

Backwater......... same thing happened to me!

Cylinders 1 & 3 had 150lbs compression........ the middle cylinder (2) had roughly 50lbs.

I tore the entire engine apart. My center cylinder piston had a gouge on the top of the piston where the ring broke.

I started to question my oil injection system, and that is where I think this problem came from. Check all your lines! Those little black hoses running all over the engine. Some appear to be one way valves?

Anways, on the line going into my center cylinder, I can't blow ANYTHING thru it.......... so I would assume that I was not getting proper lubrication to that cylinder.

I took the engine to a guy I found online to rebuild it. He was awful. I ended up getting my engine back in pieces. Good thing too, becuase I have now completely gone thru it........ found the line to be plugged, a broken ring just sitting in the intake side waiting to fall back into the cylinder as well! He never would have caught any of that.......

Soooooo, check the lines........ I'm completely rebuilding mine...... probably 700 in freakin parts for all new gaskets, pistons, rings, bearings....... but atleast I'm shooting for "like new" when i'm done. Now I'm just contemplating removing the oil injection and going premix. I'd hate to have this happen again! argh! Frustrating!

Phil
 

backwater dawg

Petty Officer 2nd Class
Joined
Apr 12, 2007
Messages
183
Re: Educate me--Piston issues

Phil--bad luck runs in packs---I was pretty sure mine was because of a lean carb--but after reading yours and the other comment today from bgbass.1, I'm rethinking what to do---I'm in the same boat as I'm going to spend $6-700 on new parts and make mine new---now you have me thinking about ripping out the oil injection system also--I have a freind that has a 1993 and his does not have the injection system---I think that may be the way to go--just one less thing to screw up---good luck--Steve
 

hckrphil

Petty Officer 2nd Class
Joined
Aug 8, 2004
Messages
162
Re: Educate me--Piston issues

Hey Steve,

I can give you the name of the guy I bought all my parts from if you want..... seemed like a very straight forward and honest guy. Went above and beyond to get me my parts when I needed them.

Any chance you can get some nice up-close pics of the engine WITHOUT oil injection? BGBASS suggests just plugging up the line that came off the oil pump....... I'll do that, but if I can eliminate those little black hoses anywhere to clean it up, i'd go that route as well.

On my crankshaft, the top and center main bearings seem fine. I'm replacing my lower main bearing, ,,, 114 bucks later........ pistons were about 77 each, wrist pin bearings 12 bucks each, rod bearings 47 each, gasket set 98 i think..........

I'm just trying to make this a RELIABLE boat. I don't want to get stuck anywhere.

OH, I also bought an hour meter on ebay for 20 bucks. I'm going to hook that up so I know exactly how many house I have on my engine since rebuild :)

Phil

Phil--bad luck runs in packs---I was pretty sure mine was because of a lean carb--but after reading yours and the other comment today from bgbass.1, I'm rethinking what to do---I'm in the same boat as I'm going to spend $6-700 on new parts and make mine new---now you have me thinking about ripping out the oil injection system also--I have a freind that has a 1993 and his does not have the injection system---I think that may be the way to go--just one less thing to screw up---good luck--Steve
 

hckrphil

Petty Officer 2nd Class
Joined
Aug 8, 2004
Messages
162
Re: Educate me--Piston issues

Actually baxtr, my bad piston looked like that....... one spot on the edge looked like it dimpled out like someone pryed on it with a screw driver :) haha

you may also be missing rings, or pieces of rings, I had low comp on one cyl and looked in and it looked as if someone took a screwdriver blade and pryed up on one edge of the piston, didn't look menacing at all, but when I removed the piston, one ring was only half there, and the other was 3/4 there but broken into 3 pieces. Mine didn't have a top end issue though, didn't notice that the 4th piston was just along for the ride, but mine was a 125 not a 90. I did notice it at hole shot, it would shake and bog a bit before picking up speed then smooth out, also idle shook the whole boat.

Head gasket ok? got pics of the piston damage?
 
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