Electrical Issue Diagnosis Needed, Long Read

RaceCarRich

Petty Officer 1st Class
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May 31, 2015
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234
'05 Sea Ray 5.0L MPI, B3. Boat is clean, wiring seems clean and untouched. I did replace ignition switch with Sierra brand in 2018 due to a very intermittent no crank issue. Don't believe I had any related issues last season. Below is my rundown as to what's recently been going on. Hoping to rely on your collective real world experience and not just start replacing parts.

Trip #1 Racing back to my marina to beat an approaching severe storm, bouncing through very choppy water. Radio (music) goes silent for maybe 2 seconds then comes back. This occurs a second time. Then soon after I get an alarm and Smartcraft reads Engine Bus Error then alarm goes off and error clears. Soon after that I start losing rpms. On the way down, it picked up for a split second and then continued to fall and stall. Felt very electrical like the ignition was shut. No sputtering or anything like fuel. I seem to recall the dash being dead, no radio, no alarm, no Smartcraft screen, etc. I turned the key to start, dead silence. Somewhat panicked, I head to the engine. Gave a good wiggle to the main harness connector that looks like a trailer plug. Also wiggled the ecm wires, relay wires, and anything else I saw. Next I pushed the 50A breaker. It didn't feel tripped. Tried jumping it with a screwdriver, no change (probably not a smart move if there really was a short being protected by a tripped breaker but storm in the distance and dead in the water). I can't recall exactly what position the key was in during that but next step I made sure it was in RUN position and jumped the remote starter slave solenoid. Boat fired up and we drove back fine into our marina just as it started raining. After tying up, I tried starting from the key and it started right up twice.

Random thoughts after Trip #1... Issue must effect both Ignition and Start circuits, perhaps the ignition switch lost power or perhaps the entire behind dash fuse panel?. Perhaps something inside the throttle assembly which contains the NSS and the kill switch (not sure if they share a common harness internally??). I understand why jumping the slave solenoid caused engine to crank but not sure why it would fix an ignition issue unless the intermittent problem had gone away and it just needed to be started? Sure hope it's nothing down near the starter because boat design prevents even seeing it and manifold would need to be pulled to even get close.

Trip #2 A week later, went to start and dead silence. Great, still tied up at the dock gives me a chance to check a few things. Checked the slave solenoid. It had power (thick wire, power circuit). Using test light, I check the yellow/red switch circuit (thin) wire while I had someone turn the key to start. Nothing. Now we are getting somewhere, no power from key to the slave solenoid. (I also checked both sides of the 50A breaker had power). I jumped under the dash to check the ignition switch and just as I got there the key alarm sounds. I may have very lightly brushed a wire positioning myself. I did a firm wiggle test on all wires and couldn't seem to have the alarm go on again or any effect. All wire screws to ignition switch seemed tight. Test light on the BAT terminal of switch showed power. Put test light on START terminal and had someone turn key to start. Boat started right up. We went out on calm water and I immediately noticed the Smartcraft LED screen was very hard to read (not much contrast even for being in bright sun) and the tach needle did not agree with the screen rpm read out. At lower rpm's I thought the tach needle was reading 50% but at higher rpm's it seemed to be reading a consistent 900+ rpm's low. The screen seemed to be accurate while the needle was not. All the other screen choices on the Smartcraft also seemed to be reading accurately and reading OK. Was on the water for a couple hours, stopped for gas, stopped for dinner, etc. Started and ran fine. On the way home from dinner, the Smartcraft screen seemed to be easier to read (although it was darker out) and the rpms agreed between the needle and the digital read out.

Random thoughts after Trip #2: I think my behind the dash diagnostics are invalid as I suspect as soon as got under there and heard the alarm, the intermittent issue had gone away, perhaps coincidence or perhaps I brushed into some wires. I also don't know too much about the Smartcraft wiring and what problems it could cause. I did have a race car once that ran terribly until we unplugged a faulty tach. Might I have two separate problems at the same time on a once reliable boat?
 

GA_Boater

Honorary Moderator Emeritus
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49,038
Sounds like you you have a basic power problem, so start at the Battery. Clean everything and tighten, power and grounds all the way back to the starter and block. Make sure the alternator connections are clean and tight.
 

achris

More fish than mountain goat
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May 19, 2004
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27,468
Seen this a few times. It may not be your problem but worth checking..

After you have done what BtD suggests, check the 20A fuse in the red wire that brings power to the key switch. Look for light corrosion on the ends. If you see any (even if you don't), replace the fuse and the holder with a waterproof mini blade fuse. Much better design.

Chris...
 

RaceCarRich

Petty Officer 1st Class
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May 31, 2015
Messages
234
Thanks for your replies.

One thing I forgot to mention, on Outing 2 when it wouldn’t crank (silence), I had the blower running so the fuse panel did have power. I didn’t check the alternator connection (I will) but think I would have gotten an error if it stopped charging, right? I thought about grounds but since it started when I jumped the solenoid hot side, that told me it had a good ground path.

I don’t believe my boat has a separate fuse going to the ignition switch. The key gets its power from a fused circuit on the fuse panel that sits a few inches away from the back of the keyed switch.

Thanks again. Keep ‘em coming!
 

achris

More fish than mountain goat
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May 19, 2004
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27,468
....

I don’t believe my boat has a separate fuse going to the ignition switch. The key gets its power from a fused circuit on the fuse panel that sits a few inches away from the back of the keyed switch....

In that case, someone has chopped up the original harness supplied by Merc and done their own thing. :facepalm:

I have a solid, unbreakable, rule. Engine electrics and 'Hull' electrics remain seperate. Never the twain shall meet!

Sounds very much like you have a system where all your accessories ('hull' electrics like Sounders, radios, lights, pumps, etc) are supplied through the engine electrics. Very bad idea. You have a very real situation of having something in the boat, like a bad pump or something bringing down the entire electrical system and leaving you dead in the water with no engine (to self power home) or radio (to call for help)...

It also makes troubleshooting 5 times harder...

Back to your problem. There MUST be a fuse or circuit breaker between the hot supply from the engine and the key. You need to find it and verify it.

Chris...
 

RaceCarRich

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Actually it matches the wiring diagram in the owners manual. Hot from starter goes through main engine mounted 50A circuit breaker to feed behind-dash fuse panel which has slots for Horn, Ignition, Nav lights, Blower, Wiper, Bilge Pump, Water Pump, Receptacle, Trim Tabs, Lights, and some options I don’t have. The 15A ignition fuse in that panel feeds the ignition key.
 

achris

More fish than mountain goat
Joined
May 19, 2004
Messages
27,468
Actually it matches the wiring diagram in the owners manual. Hot from starter goes through main engine mounted 50A circuit breaker to feed behind-dash fuse panel which has slots for Horn, Ignition, Nav lights, Blower, Wiper, Bilge Pump, Water Pump, Receptacle, Trim Tabs, Lights, and some options I don’t have. The 15A ignition fuse in that panel feeds the ignition key.

Yeah, no. That's not how Mercury intended it to be. Someone has taken the 'cheap and nasty' way out and done it all wrong.

As I said, non-engine and engine electrical systems should only meet at the battery switch. You have all that non-engine stuff running through the engine wiring.

Here's what a Merc dash panel wiring schematic looks like....

Dash.PNG

Chris......
 

RaceCarRich

Petty Officer 1st Class
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May 31, 2015
Messages
234
Yeah, no. That's not how Mercury intended it to be. Someone has taken the 'cheap and nasty' way out and done it all wrong.

Chris......

That someone is Sea Ray. It’s all OEM unmolested.

I don’t want to debate how the boat should have been built but rather troubleshoot the way it was built. Usually with multiple symptoms, the wiring diagram and real world experience (this is what I’m relying on our community for), an issue can be narrowed down to a couple suspects. Being intermittent, I haven’t had an opportunity to test everything in the failed mode. It fixes itself before I can test everything.

So far we know the issue has stalled a running motor during choppy seas (outing 1), has shown no switch wire power to the slave solenoid when turning the key to start, and most recently had incorrect tach needle readings on the Smartcraft while reading correctly on the screen.

Is there a single connector inside the throttle with both ignition and start circuits that could be an issue? Could the Smartcraft gauge be a symptom or a cause?

All guidance is appreciated. Happy 4th of July to my fellow Americans!
 

gm280

Supreme Mariner
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Jun 26, 2011
Messages
14,605
Only thing I will add is, whenever you start troubleshooting an electrical issue, you need a good meter. Cleaning and re-tightening connections is a very good idea, but some times you have to check between the connections to verify there are no corroded section inside the wire insulation itself. And a good meter allows you to do just that. JMHO
 

RaceCarRich

Petty Officer 1st Class
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May 31, 2015
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Thanks. I have a cheap meter in my boat tool box (all my boat tools are on the somewhat cheap side as they sit unguarded at the marina with salt in the air). I’m hoping to narrow it down somewhat using logic and experience but checking for voltage drops and continuity is not out of the question.

Since I identified an intermittent dead wire (from key to slave solenoid) I’m thinking the issue shouldn’t be super subtle and wanted to backtrack on that when it started working again.
 
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RaceCarRich

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Though I would follow up for the sake of posterity as I think I figured out the issue although not yet the cure.

The no start issue occurred only a few times during the rest of the season. Have not had a stall (no big waves crashed into) and SmartCraft tach issue occurred only that one time. Whenever the no start occurred, it gave me a chance to troubleshoot. I concentrated on the ignition switch area since it’s really the only area that made sense per the wiring diagram. Jumping behind the dash, one time I was getting in position probably bumping the wiring area and the boat came alive (beep with key in on position), another time I started by checking 15A ignition fuse and when reinstalled it came alive ending my testing for that day, another time I got the test light and confirmed no power going to ignition switch but probed the top of fuse which showed power just as it came alive again ending my testing until the next time it occurred. Wiggling all wires in the area had no effect.

I formed a theory that I couldn’t test until it occurred again which was yesterday when I went to start and dead silence. My buddy was surprised I was so happy when announcing that the boat won’t start. I went behind the dash being careful not to touch anything. I took the tip of my pinky finger and ever so gently pushed on the 15A ignition fuse... BEEP. Yep, loose or otherwise compromised fuse to fuse panel connection. In my early testing I would start by pulling the fuse to inspect and when reinstalling everything was fine which was initially aggravating from a troubleshooting perspective.

in hindsight this is probably what caused me to replace my ignition switch in 2018. I cut the old one open back then and remember the inside looked good.
 
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