Re: long shaft/ short shaft?
17 1/2 is for a 15 inch transom. 22 1/2 is for a 20 inch transom. if you run the short shaft on a long shaft boat, you are not deep enough in the water to cool the motor (water Pickup) and the prop can't get proper bite.
running a long shaft on a short shaft boat is fine, except for performance, there is too much foot in the water, which causes excess drag, so you do not get the optimum speed and performance. a transom elevator, can be put on a short transom, to properly accommodate a long shaft motor. clear as mud?