Re: bow hook repair/replace
There are also those transom straps that kinda prevent that kind of launching ..

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The Bow Eye is mainly for winching your boat snug on the trailer, keep it from sliding off the trailer when hauling and for towing to shore if needed. Other then that its basically useless.
Also I would be very surprised if that backing was NOT alum.
You might be able to just Uninstall the eye..then rebed with some fast cure 5200 and tighten that puppy back up ( using a New nylock nut or new lock washer and double nuts on the inside assuming your with alum plate and the glass is not comprimised ..just loose .. ).
YD.