Re: cheap life jackets
When I was a young teenager in the early 70's, and a "river rat" that spent all my free time on the water in boats, and all my paper route money on boat gas, about all we had were BUO life preservers, except foam "ski belts" that were legal for skiiers. The BUO's were made of canvas and had air-filled "kapok" compartments, as did the throw cushions.
The water cops, who hated certain river rats, would pull them over regularly to "inspect" the PFD's. They'd squeeze the kapoc as hard as they could and if they thought any air leaked out, they flunked. They yanked on the canvas straps sewn into the canvas cloth as hard as they could, naturally ripping them, and they flunked. Then they wrote a ticket and you had to go straight to a marine store up the creek to buy replacements to beat the fines (we were too young to drive so had to buy the high-priced ones to stay on the river that day).
Each BUO cost about $35. Each, not a pack. In 1972 dollars, that was about $150. (I guage inflation at about 5x: A record album was $4, a movie $2.00, cigs .50, Gas .32/gallon, antifouling $40/gallon, top-band concert like the Rolling Stones $8).
Even well cared for, they lasted < 5 years. I still have some of the new ones that are 20 years old and doing fine.
So the new technology cheapo PFD's are one of the few things that are better and cheaper now than then!