Gelcoat questions...

jhk1959

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Sep 12, 2005
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29
I'm a rookie boater 7 purchased a used 1993 Wellcraft 20 foot bowrider that needs a good hull cleaning & waxing. My question is what is gelcoat & how does it differ from paint? Is gelcoat a sealant? Is it just polished fiberglass? An explaination is appreciated.<br />Thanks in advance!<br />John
 

fishingdan

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Feb 12, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

Fiberglass boats are built in a mold. The hulls are constructed from the outside in. Once the mold is cleaned and prepared, the manufacturers spray in the gelcoat. Gelcoat is a thick colored polyester that provides hard smooth surface over fiberglass. Once the gelcoat gets tacky, the manufacturers start applying (by hand or spraying) various layers of fiberglass mat and activated polyester resin. <br /><br />Without the gelcoat, the glass fibers and the weave of the fiberglass mat would be visible on the surface of the boat. <br /><br />Gelcoat = a hard, smooth, colored plastic.<br /><br />This product works great for restoring gelcoat surfaces. http://www.poliglowproducts.com/ <br /><br />Dan
 

jhk1959

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Sep 12, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

Thanks for the info Dan. Do you recomend prepping the hull surface using a power buffer?<br />John
 

fishingdan

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Re: Gelcoat questions...

I would get the poliglow stuff. Its a good system.
 

EZLoader

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Sep 28, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

Boy, did the above folks miss the boat!!! Gelcoat is not paint.<br /><br />The gelcoat is a pure expoxy resin with color added. Its primary purpose is to "waterproof and seal" the fiberglass hull. The pure resin gelcoat cannot be penetrated by water. Water can penetrate and evenutally even soften exposed fiberglass matting which is always still somewhat porous.<br /><br />Gelcoat's second purpose is to provide a smooth surface for the hull to minimize drag.<br /><br />Gelcoat's third and least important purpose is to make the boat look good, although everyone likes a good looking boat.<br /><br />If your gelcoat is compromised (cracked, chipped, intentionally drilled into, or damaged in any way) you have a compromised hull that will eventually leak in some amount and manner, no questions asked!!! It is important to regularly check and to keep your gelcoat repaired in top condition. <br /><br />If you don't repair a gelcoat crack or hole quickly, water will enter into the hull cores and fiberglass matting. Any water intrusion (even just into the underlying fiberglass matting) will eventually weaken that area of the hull and potentially lead to expensive and disastrous dryrot if it later reaches the wood in your inner hull cores, stringers and/or deck areas. When any hole is intentionally drilled into your hull, it should always be drilled slightly larger than necessary and then resealed with pure expoxy resin, followed up then with its redrilling to the final hole size required. This seals off and waterproofs the sides of the hole. Be sure to slightly round off the outside edges of the redrilled hole (do this on both sides of the hole -inside and out) to prevent stress cracking.<br /><br />Finally, when mounting motors and other gear onto the hull, always use a special purpose marine grade sealant caulking around the holes as further insurance against leakage. Don't let a dealer skip or shortchange any of this process (although many do!) or you'll be the one paying the price to fix your boat down the road years later.<br /><br />If you don't believe me...do a google search and read results from 1000's of boaters dealing with costly water damage problems because they didn't know about the importance of the integrity of the gelcoat to their fiberglass hulls.<br /><br />In Google just enter the search word...+"boats" and then add any combination of these additional words...+"problems" +"dryrot" +"transom" +"deck" +"gelcoat" "stringers", and so on. This will get you started on your critical education why your gelcoat is one of the most important components to a healthy boat.<br /><br />Better yet go to the boat rehab forums on this website and read about all of the expensive and preventable problems those folks are now enjoying fixing vs. being out on the water having fun.<br /><br />PS - Its important, in addition to sealing the interior of any holes drilled in your hull, when mounting your motors, equipment and/or fixtures, to always make sure those areas have adequate hull or deck strength to handle the added stress and load factors of the mounted items in use. It pays to spread out the stress across a larger area than just that around the mounting holes. Expoxy and glass in extra backing support (ie- expoxy coated/waterproofed marine plywood or stainless steel) as necessary to secure and spread the load. Any extra upfront effort spent here will prevent your having to fix costly fiberglass stress cracks later on.<br /><br />Old Trailer Sailor
 

jhk1959

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Sep 12, 2005
Messages
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

I don't think that anyone here suggested that gelcoat is paint. Anyway, I don't have any damage to my hull, just some oxidation that is apparent since some of the decals have been removed from the hull..it's nice & glossy where the decals were & I am hoping that I can get the rest of the hull to shine.<br /><br />John
 

ondarvr

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Apr 6, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

Gel coats are polyester based not epoxy, and water will penetrate gel coat even if there are no cracks. There are barrier coats and other resins used in skin coats behind the gel coat that help to resist water, it will still eventually get in though, but may do no damage. While gel coat cracks (only in the gel coat) will let water get to the fiberglass sooner it normally causes no stuctural problems. The amount of water that can wick down the strands of glass is very small and would not typically be enough to rot the stringers or transom.
 

EZLoader

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Sep 28, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

Sorry about the paint comment...my mistake! I was reading in a different forum section when I switched to this one and forgot where I was (becoming more common here in the old folks home)!<br /><br />I'm not saying that all small gelcoat cracks cause immediate water problems, but they and any chips or holes should be addressed before they cause problems longer term. Since most water damage is hidden under the gelcoat it is tough to know what the actual damage is until you are fixing the problem. <br /><br />I've enjoyed reading marine surveyors reports on Hurricane damaged hulls in Florida and elsewhere along the gulf. After some boats are totalled by the insurance companies some surveyors have taken the opportunity to do core sample tests on their hulls to really find out what is going on with respect to delaminations, gelcoat cracks and holes, wood cores, etc.. <br /><br />Their findings have been quite alarming and they recommend much of what I stated above. <br /><br />Again, sorry for the incorrect reference to paint. And thank you to others of you for any corrections to my otherwise bold attempt at making a point regarding the importance of this subject to maintaining a good hull structure long term.<br /><br />Old Trailor Sailor :cool:
 

ondarvr

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Apr 6, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

Most of the boats discussed in this forum are not left in the water for long periods of time and it would make very little difference whether there was gel coat on them or not. Even if the fiberglass was left unprotected (no gel coat) it would not degrade to the point of failing in these applications. I am not saying that the gel coat is not important, it is, it does protect the fiberglass and resin. But it does not do a great job against water in long term exposure, water will find it's way into the laminate even with the best products. Thats why it's important to use resins designed for marine use. UV rays while the boat is sitting in the driveway will do more damage than short term water exposure to bare fiberglass and or gel coat.
 

ondarvr

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Apr 6, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

EZloader<br /><br />You are not wrong in what you are saying, it's good information, I didn't mean to come across like I was disagreing or slamming you, I'm sorry if it sounded that way. On larger boats that are left in the water most, or all of the time, it is important, thats why most are bottom painted. Epoxy bottom paints do a much better job of protecting the hull than gel coat and depending on the type of resin, glass and gel coat used can make a big difference.
 

EZLoader

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Re: Gelcoat questions...

No problem Ondarvr, the one thing I know is that I don't know everything and its important that when I say something wrong that the record is set straight by someone who is right. I love these forums and spend much more time reading and learning than writing. Your points are all well taken. <br /><br />Old Trailer Sailor :cool:
 

EZLoader

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Sep 28, 2005
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Re: Gelcoat questions...

I do think that intentionally drilled holes through transoms and decks or other areas exposed to water that are not properly sealed with expoxy resin on the inside (as described above) are a major source of water intrusion that later causes rotting transoms, decks and stringers. <br /><br />Anyone else have any opinions or thoughts on that?
 

valiantjedi

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Jun 29, 2005
Messages
27
Re: Gelcoat questions...

Yep, I totally agree EZ Loader. Having just finished pulling out the interior of a boat I just bought to replace all of the wood due to improper sealing I can attest to this.
 
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