Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

archcycle

Chief Petty Officer
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Sep 21, 2009
Messages
647
I'm rewiring my 16' Cape Horn because it was a mess when I got it and my original cleanup of that awful job from the previous owner still isn't up to what I would like. Time to clean out all that automotive wire!

I just bought a Hella brand fused 6 switch panel that I want to run all of my accessories to. The wires that came on it are 14g and I've been trying to use 18g for most things, although this has been somewhat arbitrary but it seems fine to power what I'm running?

Here are my accessories and some ideas on their power draw:

Sony head pushing 2x 6.5inch Infinity speakers
500gph livewell pump
55 watt halogen flood light
LED flood light .5 amps
2x tiny LED deck lights
fish finder
vhf radio
gps

All of these are a mix of 18g and 16g right now, running off of a small marine deep cycle connected to the starter battery by a single switch BEP VSR.

So, am I ok to stick with ripping out everything for these accessories and putting in 18g or is this too small? Should I choose a larger 16g? I would like to use one size for simplicity's sake but that's another question, is there really that much of a difference in my resistance etc. for these kind of accessories that it would make a difference going up or down one gauge that would justify putting different sizes on different accessories?

Lastly I have a 16g wire connecting my starter battery at the back to the VSR and tiny deep cycle at the front, figuring that's about all I'm going to need to allow a charge to pass through and trickle into the small one when i'm running at charging RPMs. Thoughts on the charge gauge for the house (ha sort of) battery as well?

Thanks all
 

seabob4

Lieutenant Commander
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Jun 10, 2008
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1,603
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

16GA on all but the flood light, 14GA on that...
 

Bifflefan

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May 27, 2009
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2,933
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

Always error on the side of caution with wiring.
Go bigger and you will not have an issue with the wire getting hot.
14 is good all round gauge wire, 12 if you have a motor or large light of some sort attached.
 

Silvertip

Supreme Mariner
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Sep 22, 2003
Messages
28,771
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

18 gauge is a little light for marine use. Not because it can't handle its rated current, but rather it is just too light weight and would require extra support. 16 gauge is fine for nearly everything on the boat. The wire from the battery to the fuse panel needs to be sized for the entire load. Suggest minimum 10 gauge for that run with a circuit breaker at the source.
 

archcycle

Chief Petty Officer
Joined
Sep 21, 2009
Messages
647
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

Thanks all, I'll be removing all of those 18s this weekend then as long as this tropical storm stays away
 

royal0014

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May 6, 2010
Messages
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Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

Wire size depends on the amp draw of the load, just to be safe. Check this:
 

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bruceb58

Supreme Mariner
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Mar 5, 2006
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Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

Wire size depends on the amp draw of the load, just to be safe. Check this:
Where did you get that chart? Seems awfully conservative.

And really has nothing to do with "Safe". You always have fuses in to protect the circuit. It really comes down to how much voltage drop you can tolerate.
 

RicMic

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May 14, 2010
Messages
431
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

My electrical engineering handbook has LOTS of allowable ampacities charts. There are eight columns of stranded copper wires(3 or more in a cable or raceway), double that number to include a single wire not enclosed and a bunch more footnotes for ambient temperature and wet locations! This does not even consider voltage drop so any chart that only considers wire size and distance, has to be very conservative. Realistically on a 16' boat, voltage drop is not going to be a big issue, especially with a marine grade wire. I prefer to stick to at least #16 in boats just for its physical strength.
 

royal0014

Master Chief Petty Officer
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Messages
874
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

I put that up to try to help the poster. Don't remember where I got it. Don't like it? Don't use it. Go flame on someone else.........
 

bruceb58

Supreme Mariner
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Mar 5, 2006
Messages
30,753
Re: Good general wire gauge to use 16' boat?

I put that up to try to help the poster. Don't remember where I got it. Don't like it? Don't use it. Go flame on someone else.........
Not flaming on you. Just wondering what the parameters that the chart was assuming. Could be many...heat...allowabale voltage drop...

From that chart you would never use 16 gauge over 6' which, is of course, done all the time from the boat manufacturers.
 
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