Pumps tend to be near the back and near the center for boats with outboards
Gets a bit more mixed up for the I/O boats..
In my bass boat the bilge pump, livewell fill, drain and recirc pumps are under the "shelf" my batteries are on.
They hid the aerator pump way back under the splashwell, on the transom and to find it I had to trace the hoses coming from the livewell.
Pumps tend to have hoses and wires attached

You can always find them by following hoses or pipes. (generally hose if the boat is under 25 ft)
I found out the hard way... you CAN get too large of a pump for the livewell recirc...
Also, if replacing the bilge pump upgrade to a 750 gph if you have less, or drill for a larger outlet fitting and go above 1250 gph. The standard appx 3/4 in drain plug can let in more than 500 gph pumps (common OEM bilge pump size for under 20 ft boats) can keep up with. Forgetting the plug is one of the most common ways to "sink" (as low as it will go with its foam flotation) a boat.